Influência do CO2 no Crescimento de Haematococcus Pluvialis e na Produção de Carotenoides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-5141.2018v22n3Espp25-29Resumo
O crescimento celular da microalga de água doce Haematococcus pluvialis e a bioprodução de carotenoides são influenciados pelas diferentes condições de cultivo, como deficiência de nutrientes, iluminância, aeração, agitação, temperatura e pH, alterando sua morfologia celular e produzindo cistos avermelhados (carotenogênese). A aeração nos cultivos de microalgas está relacionada a alguns fatores que influenciam no crescimento celular. As microalgas absorvem e utilizam CO2 como a principal fonte de carbono no crescimento celular. Logo, a biossíntese de pigmentos pode ocorrer pela limitação do nitrogênio em presença de excesso de fontes de carbono. O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar a influência do emprego de CO2 na aeração do cultivo da microalga Haematococcus pluvialis sob o crescimento celular e a bioprodução de carotenoides. No cultivo foi utilizado o meio mixotrófico BBM (Bold Basal Medium) e acetato de sódio, empregando 20% de inóculo em pH inicial de 7,0, aeração de 0,30 L.min-1, com 30% de injeção de CO2 uma vez ao dia durante 1 h, sob iluminância de 6 klux, à 25 ºC durante 22 dias. Nestas condições o crescimento celular alcançou o máximo de 1,13±0,39 g.L-1 (10 dias) e os carotenoides totais 2949,91±988,65 µg.g-1, onde foi observado que a suplementação de CO2 como fonte de carbono dissolvida no meio de cultivo pode influenciar o crescimento celular e os carotenoides totais.
Palavras-chave: Microalga. Pigmento. Aeração. Cultivo.
Abstract
The cellular growth of the freshwater microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis and the bioproduction of carotenoids are influenced by the different culture conditions, such as nutrient deficiency, illuminance, aeration, agitation, temperature and pH, altering its cellular morphology and producing reddish cysts (carotenogenesis). Aeration in microalgae cultures is related to some factors that influence cell growth. Microalgae absorb and utilize CO2 as the main source of carbon in cell growth. Therefore, the biosynthesis of pigments can occur by the limitation of nitrogen in the presence of excess carbon sources. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the use of CO2 on the aeration of the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis under cell growth and bioproduction of carotenoids. In the culture, mixotrophic medium BBM (Bold Basal Medium) and sodium acetate were used, using 20% of inoculum at initial pH of 7.0, aeration of 0.30 L.min-1, with 30% of CO2 injection once a day for 1 h under 6 Klux illuminance at 25 ° C for 22 days. Under these conditions the cell growth reached a maximum of 1.13 ± 0.39 g. L-1 (10 days) and the total carotenoids
2949.91 ± 988.65 μg.g-1, where it was observed that CO2 supplementation as a source of carbon dissolved in the culture medium may influence cell growth and total carotenoids.
Keywords: microalgae; pigment; aeration; cultivation.
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